Hiking in Greenland: A Journey Into the Arctic Wild
Greenland offers one of the most extraordinary hiking experiences on Earth. Vast, untamed, and breathtakingly beautiful, this island at the edge of the world calls to adventurous souls eager to explore its rugged terrain. Whether you're trekking through verdant valleys, crossing ice-studded fjords, or climbing mountainous landscapes, Greenland rewards hikers with a sense of wonder that can only be found in a place where nature remains wild and untouched.
Hiking in Greenland isn’t just about covering distances—it’s about connecting with a land that has remained largely unchanged for millennia. It’s a journey through raw beauty, where the elements dictate the rhythm of life. Along the way, you’ll encounter not only spectacular scenery but also a culture that thrives in harmony with this extraordinary environment.
The Call of Greenland’s Wilderness
What sets Greenland apart from other hiking destinations is its sheer remoteness. The wilderness here feels infinite, a place where you can walk for hours—or even days—without seeing another soul. There are no crowds, no marked trails cluttered with signposts, and no convenience stores waiting at the next bend. This is true Arctic wilderness, where the land feels timeless and every step is an adventure.
Hiking here is not just a physical activity; it’s an immersion into Greenland’s soul. The landscapes are ever-changing. One moment, you’ll find yourself walking through lush valleys carpeted with Arctic wildflowers, and the next, you’ll be gazing at glaciers towering over crystalline fjords. Each region offers a unique slice of Greenland’s natural wonders.
Popular Regions for Hiking
South Greenland: A Contrast of Green and Ice
South Greenland is often described as the most "approachable" region for hikers, yet it is no less awe-inspiring. Known for its lush vegetation in the summer months, the region offers an incredible contrast to the icy surroundings. Trails wind through fertile valleys and past historical sites such as Norse ruins, remnants of Erik the Red’s ancient settlement. One of the most iconic hikes here is through the Flower Valley, where you’ll encounter an explosion of colors during summer. The valley leads to breathtaking glacier views, offering a serene yet dramatic hiking experience.
Camping is a popular option in this area, allowing hikers to enjoy the silence of Greenland’s long summer nights. And while the trail can be challenging at times, its accessibility and beauty make it a favorite for both beginners and seasoned adventurers.
Arctic Circle Trail: A Remote Expedition
For those seeking the ultimate adventure, the Arctic Circle Trail is an unparalleled experience. Spanning approximately 165 kilometers between Kangerlussuaq and Sisimiut, this trail takes you through some of Greenland’s most untouched wilderness. It’s a multi-day trek that demands preparation and endurance, but the rewards are unmatched.
Here, you’ll cross vast tundra landscapes, dotted with pristine lakes and framed by distant mountain ranges. Wildlife sightings are common—reindeer roam freely, and Arctic foxes dart across the terrain. The midnight sun during the summer months means you can hike long into the night, with the golden light casting an ethereal glow over the landscape.
This trek requires a self-sufficient mindset. There are no villages or shelters along the way, so hikers must carry all their supplies, including food, water filtration systems, and camping equipment. But for those willing to undertake the challenge, the Arctic Circle Trail offers solitude and a profound connection to Greenland’s raw beauty.
East Greenland: Remote and Rugged
East Greenland is perhaps the most remote and wild of all the regions, making it a dream for those who want to feel as though they’re venturing to the very edge of the world. The mountains here rise dramatically from the sea, and the icebergs that float in the fjords are as mesmerizing as they are immense.
Tasiilaq, the largest town in East Greenland, serves as a gateway to many incredible hiking opportunities. Trails here often combine coastal views with steep climbs, rewarding hikers with panoramic vistas of the Arctic Ocean and its icy expanse. This is also an area steeped in Inuit tradition, and many guided hikes offer insight into the cultural heritage of the region.
Preparing for Your Hike in Greenland
Hiking in Greenland demands thoughtful preparation, as the Arctic environment can be unpredictable and challenging even for seasoned adventurers. Conditions in Greenland can change rapidly—what begins as a sunny, mild day can quickly shift to cold winds, rain, or even snow. Whether you’re setting out on a short day hike or planning a multi-day trek through remote wilderness, being adequately prepared is the key to a safe and enjoyable experience.
Clothing: Dress for the Arctic
Layering is the golden rule when hiking in Greenland. The Arctic’s unpredictable weather means you must be ready to adapt to sudden temperature changes. Start with a moisture-wicking base layer to keep sweat off your skin, followed by an insulating layer such as fleece or down to retain warmth. A windproof and waterproof outer shell is essential to protect you from rain, wind, or even sleet. Avoid cotton, as it retains moisture and can leave you feeling cold.
Pack extra clothing in case conditions worsen or your gear gets wet. A lightweight down jacket is invaluable for keeping warm during breaks, and thermal gloves, a beanie, and a scarf or neck gaiter can help you stay comfortable in colder winds.
Footwear: Sturdy and Waterproof
Proper footwear is critical in Greenland, as many trails involve uneven terrain, rocky paths, and stream crossings. Invest in sturdy, waterproof hiking boots with good ankle support to protect against injury and keep your feet dry. Make sure your boots are well broken-in before your trip to avoid blisters. Pair them with moisture-wicking, thermal socks designed for hiking, and bring an extra pair in case your feet get wet.
If you’re hiking in snowy or icy conditions, consider adding crampons or microspikes to your gear for improved traction. Trekking poles can also be a valuable addition, providing stability on uneven terrain and helping to reduce strain on your knees during long descents.
Essential Gear for Multi-Day Treks
For longer treks, your gear will need to cover not only your safety but also your comfort in Greenland’s remote wilderness. A lightweight but durable backpack is essential, with enough capacity to carry all your gear, food, and water. Look for a pack with adjustable straps and a padded hip belt for comfort during long days of hiking.
- Tent: A sturdy, four-season tent is necessary if you’re camping in Greenland, as the weather can be harsh and unpredictable. Ensure your tent is wind-resistant and can handle sudden storms.
- Sleeping Bag: Choose a sleeping bag rated for sub-zero temperatures, even in summer, as nights in Greenland can be cold. A sleeping pad with good insulation is also recommended for comfort and warmth.
- Cooking Equipment: A lightweight camping stove and fuel are essential for preparing meals. Choose compact, high-energy foods like freeze-dried meals, protein bars, and nuts to keep your pack light but your energy levels high.
Navigation Tools: Know Your Route
While some trails in Greenland are marked, many are not, and the lack of infrastructure in remote areas makes navigation a critical skill. Maps and a GPS device are essential tools for finding your way, and a compass can serve as a reliable backup in case your electronics fail. Ensure you study your route in advance, and consider downloading offline maps if you’ll be out of cell service range.
Hiring a Local Guide
If you’re unfamiliar with Arctic terrain or tackling a particularly challenging hike, hiring a local guide is highly recommended. Greenlandic guides bring invaluable knowledge of the land, weather patterns, and local wildlife. They also provide cultural insights that enrich your experience, offering stories and perspectives about the landscapes you traverse.
Emergency Preparedness
Always carry a first aid kit tailored for hiking, with essentials like bandages, blister pads, antiseptic, and any personal medications. A lightweight emergency bivy or blanket can be a lifesaver in extreme conditions. It’s also important to carry a whistle and a small signaling mirror to attract attention if needed.
A satellite phone or personal locator beacon (PLB) is strongly recommended for those venturing into remote areas. These devices can summon help in an emergency, as cellphone coverage in Greenland is limited to larger towns and settlements.
Packing Smart
Greenland’s remoteness means you must carry everything you’ll need. Your pack should include essentials such as high-energy snacks, a refillable water bottle or hydration system, sunscreen to protect against the intense Arctic sun, and insect repellent during the summer months when mosquitoes can be persistent. Don’t forget a headlamp or flashlight, as the nights can still grow dark in early or late summer.
Finally, always inform someone of your hiking plans before you set out, including your expected route and return time. This simple step could be life-saving in an emergency.
Respecting Greenland’s Wilderness
As you prepare for your hike, remember that Greenland’s pristine nature is one of its greatest treasures. Be sure to leave no trace, pack out all waste, and avoid disturbing wildlife. Hiking in Greenland is not just an adventure—it’s a chance to engage with one of the planet’s last untouched frontiers in a way that honors and protects its fragile beauty.
By preparing thoroughly and respecting the land, you’ll be ready for an unforgettable journey through Greenland’s Arctic wilderness.
When to Go
The best time for hiking in Greenland largely depends on the type of experience you’re seeking, as each season brings unique opportunities and challenges to this Arctic wilderness. Summer, which spans from late June to early September, is the most popular season for hiking and for good reason. During these months, the days are bathed in near-constant sunlight thanks to the phenomenon of the midnight sun, which provides nearly 24 hours of daylight. This extended daylight not only allows for longer hikes but also creates a golden, ethereal glow over Greenland’s landscapes, enhancing the beauty of its rugged mountains, deep fjords, and sweeping tundras.
In summer, Greenland’s tundra bursts into life, blanketed in vibrant Arctic wildflowers such as Niviarsiaq (Greenland’s national flower) and other hardy blooms that thrive in the brief but intense growing season. This is a time of renewal, as wildlife is also at its most active, with reindeer, Arctic foxes, and a variety of migratory birds dotting the terrain. Temperatures during summer are surprisingly mild for the Arctic, typically ranging from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F). This makes summer an accessible time for hikers of all experience levels, from beginners exploring shorter trails to seasoned trekkers embarking on multi-day expeditions like the Arctic Circle Trail.
For those willing to brave the colder months, winter hikes in Greenland offer an entirely different kind of adventure. Winter hiking, which is typically undertaken between November and March, is reserved for the most adventurous and well-prepared individuals. The icy landscapes and snow-covered mountains take on an otherworldly beauty, with frozen fjords and sculptural ice formations creating a stark, dramatic backdrop. However, the conditions can be harsh, with freezing temperatures often plunging well below -10°C (14°F) and limited daylight, as the polar night casts Greenland into darkness for much of the winter.
Despite these challenges, winter hikers are rewarded with experiences that are nothing short of magical. The solitude of Greenland’s wilderness becomes even more profound in winter, and those venturing out are often treated to the awe-inspiring display of the Northern Lights. These shimmering curtains of green, purple, and pink light dance across the dark Arctic sky, creating moments of pure wonder that make the effort worthwhile. Winter hikes also offer the chance to explore frozen fjords and icy valleys, with the crunch of snow underfoot and the distant howls of sled dogs adding to the atmosphere.
Regardless of the season, hiking in Greenland is an unforgettable experience. Summer offers accessibility, abundant wildlife, and endless daylight, while winter provides raw adventure, serene landscapes, and the chance to witness the magical Northern Lights. Each season offers its own rewards, and the choice ultimately depends on the type of adventure you wish to embark on in this land of ice and fire.
Hiking Responsibly
Greenland’s pristine nature is one of its greatest treasures, and it’s vital to leave no trace during your hikes. This means carrying out all waste, staying on existing trails where possible, and respecting the local wildlife. Many of Greenland’s ecosystems are fragile, so even seemingly small actions can have a big impact.
Additionally, engaging with local communities in a respectful and meaningful way is an essential part of hiking in Greenland. The Inuit culture is deeply connected to the land, and learning about their traditions adds a richer dimension to your journey.
Conclusion
Hiking in Greenland is an unforgettable experience that goes beyond physical exploration. It’s a chance to connect with nature on a profound level, to step away from the noise of modern life, and to immerse yourself in a landscape that feels like it belongs to another world. Whether you’re navigating the Arctic Circle Trail, wandering through the Flower Valley, or climbing the rugged peaks of East Greenland, every step brings you closer to the heart of this extraordinary land.
Are you ready to lace up your boots and answer the call of the Arctic? Greenland awaits.
